In industrial production and daily life, motors are everywhere, from the operation of large mechanical equipment in the factory to the operation of fans and refrigerators at home. However, when the motor has difficulty starting, it will not only affect the normal use of the equipment, but may also cause production stagnation and inconvenience in life. Don’t worry, this article will deeply analyze the reasons for the difficulty of motor starting and provide practical solutions to help you easily overcome this problem.
Motor starting problem: What is bothering you?
Common problems of motor starting difficulty
The difficulty of motor starting is manifested in various forms. For example, after the motor is connected to the power supply, it only makes a “buzzing” sound but cannot rotate normally; or the starting process is extremely slow, and it takes several times longer than usual to reach the normal speed; it is also possible that at the moment of starting, the current is too large to cause tripping. These problems seriously affect the normal operation of the equipment, disrupt the production rhythm, and increase production costs. For factories, motor starting difficulties may interrupt the production line and cause a large number of product backlogs; for home users, such as air conditioning motor starting difficulties, it will cause great trouble in the hot summer.
Digging deep into the root causes of motor starting difficulties
Power supply: Low power supply voltage is one of the common reasons. When the power supply voltage is lower than 90% of the rated voltage of the motor, the motor starting torque will drop significantly and cannot provide enough power for the motor to start. Unstable power supply and voltage fluctuations will also interfere with motor starting. In addition, the power supply line is too long, the resistance increases, resulting in excessive voltage loss, which will also prevent the motor from getting enough starting voltage.
Internal motor failure: Short circuit, open circuit or insulation aging of the motor winding will change the internal electromagnetic field distribution of the motor and reduce the starting torque. Rotor eccentric wear and jamming will increase the mechanical resistance of the motor when starting, making it difficult to start. For single-phase motors, capacitor damage or insufficient capacity will also fail to provide the necessary auxiliary torque for motor starting.
Load problem: If the load driven by the motor exceeds its rated power, the motor needs to overcome excessive resistance when starting, and it is difficult to start normally. For example, after long-term use, some equipment has mechanical parts worn out, resulting in increased operating resistance and increased motor load.
Mechanical structure problems: The motor bearing is too tight or too loose, and the mechanical parts are damaged, such as gear wear and loose keys, which will affect the normal start of the motor. Bearing problems will increase the friction of the motor rotation, and mechanical parts damage may cause poor transmission, which will hinder the motor start.
Control system failure: Control circuit failure, such as damage to relays and contactors, cannot normally transmit the start signal; controller settings are wrong, such as improper start parameter settings, which will cause problems with motor start.
Practical solution: Let the motor start problem be solved
Specific improvement plan details
Solution to power supply problem: Use a voltage stabilizer to stabilize the power supply voltage and ensure that the voltage is within the allowable range of the motor rated voltage. For situations where the power supply line is too long and causes large voltage loss, the wire can be thickened to reduce the line resistance and reduce the voltage loss. At the same time, regularly check the power supply line to see if there is aging or damage, and replace the problematic line in time.
Motor internal fault handling: If the motor winding is found to be short-circuited or broken, a professional is required to rewind the winding or replace the damaged part. For insulation aging problems, the motor should be insulated or the insulation material should be replaced. If it is a rotor problem, the rotor needs to be corrected, repaired or replaced. For capacitor problems of single-phase motors, timely detect and replace damaged or insufficient capacitors.
Load optimization measures: Check the equipment driven by the motor, clean up the debris in the equipment, repair or replace worn mechanical parts, reduce the equipment operation resistance, and reduce the motor load. In the equipment design stage, reasonably select the motor power to ensure that the motor matches the load.
Mechanical structure maintenance and adjustment: Adjust or replace bearings that are too tight or too loose to ensure normal operation of the bearings. Repair or replace damaged mechanical parts, such as gears, keys, etc., to ensure smooth mechanical transmission. At the same time, regularly lubricate and maintain the mechanical parts of the motor to reduce friction.
Control system inspection and repair: Carefully check the control circuit and replace damaged relays, contactors and other components. Recheck the controller settings and correctly set the startup parameters, such as startup time, startup current limit, etc., according to the motor parameters and actual operation requirements.
Long-term benefit guide: Ensure long-term and efficient startup of the motor
Long-term benefit summary
Solving the problem of motor startup difficulties can significantly extend the service life of the motor. Avoid the impact and wear on the internal parts of the motor caused by frequent startup failures, and reduce the cost of motor maintenance and replacement. Stable and reliable motor startup ensures the normal operation of the equipment, improves production efficiency, and brings more economic benefits to the enterprise. For home users, it can also reduce the number of home appliance repairs and improve the convenience of life.
Phased implementation steps
1.Comprehensively check the problem: Use professional testing tools such as multimeters, megohmmeters, etc. to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the power supply, motor internals, loads, mechanical structures and control systems, record various data in detail, and find out the specific reasons for the difficulty in starting the motor.
2. Develop targeted plans: According to the problems found, refer to the above solutions, develop detailed and specific repair or improvement plans, and clarify the required materials, tools and personnel arrangements.
3.Implement the improvement plan: Strictly follow the plan to operate, repair or replace problematic parts, adjust parameter settings, etc. During the implementation process, pay attention to operating specifications to ensure safety.
4.Testing and acceptance: After the implementation of the plan, the motor is started and tested to observe whether the motor startup process is smooth and whether the various operating parameters are normal. After multiple tests to ensure the stable operation of the motor, the acceptance is completed.
5.Regular maintenance: Establish a regular maintenance system for the motor, regularly check the performance indicators of the motor, clean and lubricate the motor, and prevent the recurrence of problems such as motor starting difficulties.
Although the problem of motor starting difficulties is complicated, it can be solved by conducting a comprehensive investigation of the power supply, motor internals, loads, mechanical structure and control system, taking targeted solutions, and doing long-term maintenance. Take action quickly and check your motor to ensure that it can start smoothly and provide guarantee for efficient operation of production and life.