As an important power equipment in industrial production, the normal operation of the motor is directly related to production efficiency and the service life of the equipment. However, motor insulation aging is one of the common faults of motors. As the use time increases, the motor insulation material will gradually age due to factors such as high temperature, humidity, and load fluctuations, resulting in a decrease in insulation performance and even motor failure. Therefore, understanding the prevention measures and treatment methods for motor insulation aging can effectively extend the service life of the motor and ensure the normal operation of the equipment.
Causes of motor insulation aging
1) High temperature influence
During the operation of the motor, the current passing through the winding will generate heat. If the working environment temperature of the motor is too high, or the motor has poor heat dissipation, the high temperature will accelerate the aging of the insulation material. In a long-term high temperature environment, the insulation material will become brittle and lose elasticity, eventually leading to electrical short circuit or insulation damage.
2) Humidity and moisture intrusion
Excessive humidity or moisture entering the motor will cause the insulation material to absorb water and reduce its insulation performance. Moisture or moisture may cause electrical leakage, flashover, and in severe cases, it may cause the motor to burn out.
3) Load fluctuation and overload
When the motor is overloaded for a long time or the load fluctuates greatly, the current will fluctuate frequently, causing the internal temperature of the motor to be unstable, further accelerating the aging of the insulation material. In addition, frequent starting and stopping will also impact the insulation system and increase its loss.
4) Electrochemical action
When the motor is running for a long time, electrochemical reactions may occur between the current and the conductor, causing corrosion of the insulation material, further aggravating aging.
5) Chemical corrosion
If there are corrosive gases (such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, etc.) in the motor use environment, it will also affect the insulation material, resulting in reduced material performance and accelerated aging.
- Preventive measures for motor insulation aging
1) Reasonable selection of motor model and insulation material
When selecting the motor, the appropriate motor model and insulation grade should be selected according to the actual working environment and load requirements. Especially for working environments with high temperature, high humidity or corrosive gases, select motors with higher insulation performance.
2) Maintain good heat dissipation conditions for the motor
During the operation of the motor, excessive temperature will accelerate insulation aging. Regularly check the heat dissipation system of the motor, maintain good ventilation, and avoid dust and dirt accumulation on the surface of the motor. For motors in high temperature environments, you can consider installing additional cooling equipment, such as fans or cooling water systems, to ensure that the motor dissipates heat well.
3) Regularly test the insulation performance of the motor
Perform regular tests on the insulation performance of the motor, including insulation resistance tests, dielectric loss factor tests, etc. If the insulation performance is found to have declined, take appropriate measures in a timely manner, such as drying or replacing aging insulation materials.
4) Control the motor load and starting frequency
Strictly operate according to the rated load of the motor to avoid long-term overload operation. At the same time, reasonably arrange the starting and stopping frequency of the motor to avoid the impact caused by frequent starting and stopping. If necessary, a soft start device can be added to the motor to reduce the current impact at startup.
5) Prevent moisture intrusion
During the use of the motor, especially when it is shut down for a long time, measures should be taken to prevent moisture from entering the motor. Desiccant or heating device can be used to dry the motor to prevent moisture from invading the insulation material. In addition, the external seals of the motor should be checked regularly to ensure that they are in good condition and prevent moisture penetration.
6) Environmental protection
Provide a relatively clean, dry and stable working environment for the motor, and try to avoid corrosion from chemicals and accumulation of dust. If the motor works in a harsh environment, additional protective measures should be considered, such as installing a dust cover or sealing device.
- Treatment methods for motor insulation aging
1) Insulation drying treatment
If the insulation of the motor is damp, professional insulation drying equipment can be used for heating and drying. By controlling the temperature and humidity, the moisture inside the motor can be evaporated to restore the insulation performance.
2) Repair or replacement of insulation materials
When the insulation material of the motor fails due to aging, it needs to be repaired or replaced. For slightly aged motors, local insulation repair can be performed to restore its performance. For severely aged motors, the insulation material must be replaced to ensure the safe operation of the motor.
3) Insulation resistance testing and maintenance
Perform insulation resistance tests regularly, especially after the motor is shut down or has been running for a long time. If the test results show that the insulation resistance is lower than the standard requirements, it needs to be handled in time to avoid short circuits or electrical accidents.
Motor insulation aging is one of the important causes of motor failure. Reasonable preventive measures and timely treatment methods can effectively extend the service life of the motor and reduce the occurrence of failures. By selecting high-quality motors and insulation materials, strengthening motor maintenance, and controlling the working environment, the problem of motor insulation aging can be avoided to the greatest extent. Regular inspection and timely repair of aging insulation materials can not only ensure the normal operation of the motor, but also ensure the safety and stability of the equipment and production process.
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