In the process of continuous development of precision drive technology, coreless motors have become an indispensable key component in many small and micro devices with their excellent performance. This motor adopts a coreless design, has the characteristics of low inertia and fast response, so it can achieve smooth and efficient operation. It is widely used in many fields such as toys, smart home devices, precision instruments and robots, and has outstanding performance. However, to give full play to the advantages of coreless motors, the key is how to accurately control its speed to ensure that the motor can achieve the best working state under different conditions.
- Voltage adjustment
Voltage is one of the important factors affecting the speed of the motor. By changing the power supply voltage of the motor, the speed of the motor can be changed. Generally speaking, the higher the voltage, the faster the motor speed. However, it should be noted that excessive voltage may cause the motor to overheat or even damage the motor. Therefore, when adjusting the voltage, it is necessary to ensure that the voltage is within the tolerance range of the motor and avoid exceeding the rated voltage of the motor.
- PWM speed regulation
PWM (pulse width modulation) speed regulation is a more accurate method of adjusting the motor speed. By changing the duty cycle of the PWM signal, the average supply voltage of the motor can be controlled, thereby achieving precise control of the motor speed. PWM speed regulation has the advantages of fast response speed, wide speed regulation range, and low energy consumption, so it has been widely used in many applications.
In hardware design, the PWM drive circuit may use a dual-channel bridge motor driver (such as DRV8833), which has two H-bridge drivers and can drive two DC motors at the same time. Each H-bridge consists of an N-channel power MOSFET, and the motor terminal voltage and speed are controlled by adjusting the PWM duty cycle.
- Mechanical speed regulation
Mechanical speed regulation is a method of adjusting the speed of a motor by changing the load of the motor. By increasing or decreasing the load of the motor, the speed of the motor can be changed. For example, in aeromodelling, the load of the motor can be adjusted by changing the size or number of propellers to control the speed of the motor. However, it should be noted that mechanical speed regulation may affect the stability of the motor, so it needs to be carefully adjusted.
- Closed-loop control
In order to achieve more precise speed control, a closed-loop control system can be used. The closed-loop control system detects the speed of the motor in real time through the speed detection circuit, and compares the detected speed with the expected speed. Then, the duty cycle or voltage of the PWM signal is adjusted according to the comparison result to achieve precise control of the motor speed.
In a closed-loop control system, a PI (proportional-integral) control algorithm may be used to achieve precise control of the motor speed. The PI control algorithm calculates the deviation between the expected speed and the actual speed, and adjusts the duty cycle or voltage of the PWM signal according to the size and direction of the deviation to achieve the regulation of the motor speed.
- Notes
1) When adjusting the motor speed, it is necessary to ensure that the load, heat dissipation and stability of the motor are properly handled to ensure long-term stable operation of the motor.
2) Different application scenarios and requirements may require different speed adjustment methods. Therefore, in actual applications, it is necessary to select a suitable speed adjustment method according to the specific application scenarios and requirements.
3) Regular maintenance and repair of the motor, including checking whether the mechanical parts of the motor are worn and whether the electrical connection is reliable, can extend the service life of the motor and improve its performance stability.
There are many ways to adjust the speed of a coreless motor. The specific method you choose depends mainly on the actual application requirements. Whether it is through voltage regulation, current control, PWM control, or using a speed regulator or software control, the correct adjustment method can help you use the coreless motor more efficiently and accurately.
If you want to know more about “coreless motors”, you can contact online customer service. X-TEAM brushless motors provide OEM and ODM services for a long time to meet the different needs of different customers.