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Brushless motors (BLDC motors) are widely used in various electronic products, automation equipment and power tools due to their high efficiency, stability and long life. According to different control methods, brushless motors can be mainly divided into two types: open-loop control and closed-loop control. These two control methods have their own advantages and disadvantages and are suitable for different application scenarios. X-TEAM will compare the open-loop control and closed-loop control of brushless motors to help everyone better understand their working principles and application differences.

Comparison of open-loop and closed-loop control of brushless motors: working principles and application differences

  1. Open-loop control

Open-loop control systems usually do not rely on feedback signals for real-time adjustment. In open-loop control, brushless motors mainly rely on electronic controllers to drive motors according to preset instructions (such as voltage, frequency, etc.). The characteristics of this control method are as follows:

1) Simplicity: The open-loop control system has a simple structure and low cost. It does not require the use of complex sensors and feedback systems, and the installation and debugging process is relatively simple.

2) Poor real-time performance: Due to the lack of real-time feedback, the open-loop control system has weak adaptability to load changes and external interference and cannot be dynamically adjusted.

3) Low accuracy: Open-loop control systems cannot accurately control motor parameters such as speed and position, so they are usually suitable for scenarios where control accuracy is not required.

Open-loop control is common in some simple applications, such as fans, power tools, electric toys, etc. In these occasions, the running speed or position of the motor changes relatively little and does not require too much real-time adjustment.

 

  1. Closed-loop control

Closed-loop control systems achieve real-time control through feedback loops. In closed-loop control, brushless motors monitor the working status of the motor (such as position, speed, etc.) in real time through sensors (such as encoders or Hall sensors), and transmit feedback signals to the controller, which then adjusts the running status of the motor based on the feedback information. The characteristics of closed-loop control are as follows:

1) High accuracy and high stability: The closed-loop control system can adjust the running parameters of the motor, such as speed, position and torque, in real time, so it has high accuracy and can adapt to load changes and environmental interference to ensure that the motor is always in the best working state.

2) Strong adaptability: The closed-loop system can dynamically adjust the output of the motor according to changes in load and external environment to ensure the stability of the system, and is often used in precision control scenarios.

3) Complexity and high cost: Since closed-loop control requires additional feedback sensors and complex control algorithms, its system structure is relatively complex and the cost is high.

Closed-loop control systems are widely used in fields that require high precision and high dynamic response, such as robots, CNC machine tools, automated production lines, etc.

 

  1. Comparison between open-loop control and closed-loop control

1) Control accuracy: Open-loop control has low accuracy and cannot be adjusted according to the actual state of the motor; while closed-loop control can adjust the output of the motor in real time according to feedback information, with high accuracy.

2) System complexity: Open-loop control systems are relatively simple and low-cost; closed-loop control systems require additional sensors and feedback loops, which are complex in design and high in cost.

3) Application scenarios: Open-loop control is suitable for scenarios with low accuracy requirements and small load changes, such as fans and pumps; closed-loop control is suitable for scenarios that require high precision and high stability, such as automation equipment, robots, and high-end power tools.

 

The open-loop control and closed-loop control of brushless motors each have their own advantages, and the choice of which control method should be based on specific application requirements. Open-loop control is suitable for applications with low precision requirements due to its simplicity and low cost; while closed-loop control can provide higher control accuracy and stability, and is suitable for high-precision control scenarios. Understanding the characteristics and differences between the two can help make more reasonable decisions during design and selection.

 

If you want to know more about “brushless motors”, you can contact online customer service. X-TEAM brushless motors provide OEM and ODM services for a long time to meet the different needs of different customers.

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